10 Facts About Uterine Fibroids Every Woman Should Know

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Uterine fibroids are one of the most common benign tumors in women of childbearing age. Although fibroids are not cancerous, they can significantly impair quality of life by causing pain, heavy bleeding, and reproductive problems. However, fibroids are still surrounded by many misconceptions and misinformation. In this article, we have gathered 10 important facts to help you better understand the nature of this condition and recognize its symptoms early on.

1. Fibroids are not cancer

Many women become afraid when they are diagnosed with fibroids and think of malignant tumors. But a fibroid is a benign tumor. It doesn’t affect neighboring organs, doesn’t metastasize, and in the vast majority of cases, doesn’t develop into cancer. However, regular check-ups by a gynecologist are still mandatory.

2. Fibroids come in different sizes and shapes

Some fibroids are small, about the size of a pea, while others can grow to the size of an orange or even a watermelon. They can be located either inside the uterine wall or outside or inside the uterine cavity. Symptoms and treatment requirements depend on the location and size of the fibroid.

3. There may be no symptoms at all

In some women, fibroids are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during a routine ultrasound. In other cases, however, fibroids can lead to heavy and painful periods, frequent urination, constipation, and even anemia. It is important to pay attention to changes in the body and get checked promptly.

4. The exact cause of fibroids is not fully understood

Researchers believe that hormonal and genetic factors play an important role in the development of fibroids. High estrogen and progesterone levels promote the growth of fibroids, especially during the reproductive phase. However, why they occur in some women and not in others is not yet fully understood.

5. Fibroids can affect pregnancy, but not always

Some types of fibroids can indeed affect conception or pregnancy, especially if they distort the uterine cavity. But not all fibroids lead to infertility. Many women become pregnant, carry the pregnancy to term, and give birth even if they have fibroids. It all depends on individual characteristics.

6. Fibroids can shrink during menopause

After menopause, sex hormone levels decrease, and fibroids often stop growing or even shrink. Therefore, in some cases, doctors recommend simply observing the fibroid, especially if it is symptom-free and under control.

7. Heavy menstruation can be a symptom of fibroids

If you have noticed that your period has become significantly heavier or longer, or is accompanied by blood clots, this could be a sign of fibroids. Caution should also be taken if you experience spotting or lower abdominal pain.

8. Diagnosis is simple and painless

Modern methods for diagnosing uterine fibroids include, above all, ultrasound (US), which allows us to determine the size, location, and structure of the tumor with high accuracy. In complex cases, an MRI or hysteroscopy may be required. These are safe and informative procedures that help the physician choose the appropriate treatment strategy.

9. Removal of the uterus is not always necessary

There is a common misconception that fibroids require the removal of the uterus. This is false. Modern medicine offers many less radical options for fibroid treatment, from drug therapy to minimally invasive surgeries such as uterine artery embolization or myomectomy. Only in extreme cases, when fibroids cause serious complications, may a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) be recommended.

10. Stress, diet, and lifestyle also play a role

Although hormones are the main cause of fibroids, lifestyle factors also play an important role. Obesity, lack of exercise, vitamin D deficiency, and chronic stress – all of these can contribute to the development or progression of fibroids. Moderate exercise, a balanced diet, and not smoking can help reduce your risk.

The bottom line

Uterine fibroids are not a reason to panic. With timely diagnosis, regular visits to the gynecologist, and a conscious approach to your health, you can effectively control this condition and avoid complications. The most important thing is not to ignore your body's signals and not be afraid to ask your doctor questions.